[116], The regime's relations with the United States worsened during 1963, as discontent among South Vietnam's Buddhist majority was simultaneously heightened. Can was widely believed to be involved in illegal smuggling of rice to North Vietnam on the black market and opium throughout Asia via Laos, as well as monopolising the cinnamon trade, amassing a fortune stored in foreign banks. "[7], Ngô Đình Khả was educated in a Catholic school in British Malaya, where he learned English and studied the European-style curriculum. During Diệm's rule setting up a democratic basis and to promote a rural and material rearmament among the people". Diệm soon consolidated power in South Vietnam, aided by his brother Ngô Đình Nhu. Simultaneous raids were carried out across the country, with the Từ Đàm pagoda in Huế looted, the statue of Gautama Buddha demolished, and the body of a deceased monk confiscated. [122], The turning point came in June when a Buddhist monk, Thích Quảng Đức, set himself on fire in the middle of a busy Saigon intersection in protest of Diệm's policies; photos of this event were disseminated around the world, and for many people these pictures came to represent the failure of Diệm's government. [19] Diệm's family background and education, especially Catholicism and Confucianism, had influences on his life and career, on his thinking on politics, society, and history. He was a Catholic and a political outsider who was appointed as leader chiefly due to American manipulation. [138] Keith Taylor adds that Diệm's distrust of the US grew because of its Laotian policy, which gave North Vietnam access to South Vietnam's border through southern Laos. He approached Diệm and fired a pistol from close range, but missed, hitting the Secretary for Agrarian Reform's left arm. Therefore, the lackey administration cannot be stabilized. Gemäß dem auf der Genfer Konferenz von 1954 erzielten Verhandlungsergebnis hätten bis 1956 freie Wahlen in ganz Vietnam und danach eine Wiedervereinigung durchgeführt werden sollen. He also met with French and Vietnamese officials in Paris and sent a message indicating that he was willing to be the Prime Minister of the State of Vietnam to Bảo Đại. Kennedy berief Henry Cabot Lodge zum neuen Botschafter in Saigon mit dem Auftrag, Diệm „zur Vernunft“ zu bringen oder nach einer Alternative zu ihm zu suchen. The busing of soldiers to vote for regime approved candidates occurred across the country. When high school students demonstrated, Diệm arrested them as well; over 1,000 students from Saigon's leading high school, most of them children of Saigon civil servants, were sent to re-education camps, including, reportedly, children as young as five, on charges of anti-government graffiti. Diệm was motivated by the knowledge that the US was enthusiastic in applying their technology and knowledge to modernize postcolonial countries. At the end of 1963, the program had built more than two hundred settlements for a quarter of a million people. [51], The Geneva Accords allowed for freedom of movement between the two zones until October 1954; this put a large strain on the south. On 20 December 1960, under instructions from Hanoi, southern communists established the Viet Cong (NLF) in order to overthrow the government of the south. Luyen became a multimillionaire by speculating in piasters and pounds on the currency exchange using inside government information. Außenminister Dulles forderte Diệm zwar öffentlich dazu auf, für freie Wahlen einzutreten. Nguyễn Văn Thinh • Nguyễn Văn Xuân • Lê Văn Hoạch • Nguyễn Văn Xuân, Ngô Đình Diệm • Dương Văn Minh • Nguyễn Khánh • Dương Văn Minh • Nguyễn Khánh • Provisorisches Führungskomitee (Dương Văn Minh, Nguyễn Khánh, Trần Thiện Khiêm) • Dương Văn Minh • Phan Khắc Sửu • Nguyễn Văn Thiệu • Trần Văn Hương • Dương Văn Minh, Nguyễn Văn Thinh • Lê Văn Hoạch • Nguyễn Văn Xuân, Bảo Đại • Nguyễn Phan Long • Trần Văn Hữu • Nguyễn Văn Tâm • Nguyễn Phúc Bửu Lộc • Phan Huy Quát • Ngô Đình Diệm, kein Premierminister (1955–1963) • Nguyễn Ngọc Thơ • Nguyễn Khánh • Nguyễn Xuân Oánh • Nguyễn Khánh • Trần Văn Hương • Nguyễn Xuân Oánh • Phan Huy Quát • Nguyễn Cao Kỳ • Nguyễn Văn Lộc • Trần Văn Hương • Trần Thiện Khiêm • Nguyễn Bá Cẩn • Vũ Văn Mẫu, https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ngô_Đình_Diệm&oldid=208963017, „Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike“. Catholic nationalism in Vietnam during the 1920s and 1930s facilitated Diệm's ascent in his bureaucratic career. 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